医学本科生学习成绩影响因素的调查分析

以医学系四年级学生临床综合考试成绩和操行总评得分为因变量，与性别、年龄、民族、血型、性格类型、心理年龄、气质、城乡等自变量进行单因素显著性检验、相关及多因素逐步回归分析。结果显示：临床综合考试成绩和操行总评得分分别在男、女性别中出现明显差异，即女性都高于男性（Ｐ均小于０．０００１）；在汉族与少数民族之间其差别也很明显，前者显著高于后者（Ｐ＜０．０００３和Ｐ＜０．０００２）。单因素相关及多因素逐步回归表明，临床考试成绩（Ｙ１）与操行总评得分（Ｙ２）、年龄（Ｘ２）、性别（Ｘ１）、民族（Ｘ３）之间依次出现不同程度的联系（Ｆ值的概率依次小于０．０００１、０．０００１、０．０１４５和０．０３１８）。操行总评得分（Ｙ２）与临床综合考试成绩（Ｙ１）、民族（Ｘ３）、性别（Ｘ１）、气质（Ｘ７）之间亦存在联系（Ｆ值的概率依次小于０．０００１、０．００１０、０．００３５和０．０３４６）。通过学生学习成绩和操行总评得分两因变量与诸多自变量出现差别的因素的研究，无疑对提高教学质量、改进教学方法、完善教学管理、开发学生智商、挖掘学习潜力、培养学生成为德、智、体全面发展的人才有着现实的指导意义。

AN INVESTIGATION OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE EXAMINATION SCOR OF THE MEDICAL STUDENTS

The relationship between the clinical examination score,conduct evaluation score of the medical students of the 4th grade and the following factors:sex,age,nationality,blood group,disposition type,psychological age,rural or urban living area was analysed with correlation,multiple stepwise regression model and significance test.The results showed that clinical examination score and conduct evaluation score of females were significantly higher than those of males (P<0.0001) and the every scores of the students of the Han nationality were significantly higher than those of the students of the minority nationalities (P<0.0003 and P<0.0002).The results of correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that clinical examination score(Y1) was related to conduct evaluation score (Y2),age (X2),sex(X1),nationality(X3) (the probabilities of F values were less than 0.0001,0.0001,0.0145 and 0.0318 respectively).The conduct evaluation score(Y2) was related to clinical examination score(Y1),nationality(X3),sex(X1) and disposition (X7),the probabilities of F values were less than 0.0001,0.001 0,0.0035 and 0.0346 respectively. The study on the relationship between the examination score and conduct evaluation score of medical students and various factors has given a realistic guiding significance to improving medical teaching quality, teaching method and teaching pattern and inspiring the students' potential studying capacity and enabling the students to develop morally,intellectually and physically.