考虑燃料电池老化的多堆自适应功率分配方法

为延长多堆燃料电池系统（multi-stack fuel cell system，MFCS）使用寿命，保证运行过程中各电堆总体退化性能逐渐趋于一致，针对大功率质子交换膜燃料电池（proton exchange membrane fuel cell, PEMFC）系统，提出了一种考虑电堆老化的MFCS自适应功率分配方法. 在MFCS运行过程中，由于燃料电池输出功率会随不同运行条件而动态变化，导致每个电堆老化程度通常不一致，因此提出量化指标电压退化程度（voltage degradation degree，VDD）来表征燃料电池在运行过程中电堆的老化程度；还采用燃料电池半经验模型来模拟老化对电堆性能的影响；最后，通过RT-LAB搭建硬件在环（hardware-in-the-loop，HIL）测试平台，与原有的功率分配方法做比较. 结果表明:该方法能协调各燃料电池出力，减缓电堆老化速率；相较于平均功率分配方法和链式功率分配方法在MFCS的氢耗量上分别降低了13.59%和8.04%. 

Multi-Stack Adaptive Power Allocation Method Considering Fuel Cell Aging

In order to extend the service life of the multi-stack fuel cell system (MFCS) and ensure that the overall degradation performance of each stack during operation gradually tends to be consistent, an MFCS adaptive power allocation method is proposed for the high-power proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system, which can take into account the aging of the stack. During the MFCS operation, the fuel cell output power dynamically changes according to different operating conditions, which causes the aging degree of each stack to be generally inconsistent. Therefore, the voltage degradation degree (VDD) is introduced to characterize the aging degree of the fuel cell stack during operation. In addition, a semi-empirical fuel cell model is also used to simulate the effect of aging on stack performance. Finally, a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) test platform is built on RT-LAB. The proposed method is compared with the average and chain power allocation methods. The results show that the proposed method can coordinate the output of each fuel cell to slow down the aging rate of the stack, and reduce the hydrogen consumption of MFCS by 13.59% and 8.04% respectively.