大功率空冷自增湿PEMFC温度控制方法

为研究大功率空冷自增湿质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)温度控制对电堆输出性能的影响,分别采用模糊控制、PID控制、模糊-PID切换控制、自适应模糊PID控制对电堆进行试验测试.实验结果表明,不同控制方法在负载变化时的动态响应特性存在较大差异:模糊控制对电堆输出性能影响较大,在大电流输出时会造成明显的浓差极化;模糊控制、PID控制、模糊-PID切换控制在负载变化时动态响应存在较大的超调量,调节时间长;模糊自适应PID控制超调量小,调节时间短.与PID温度控制相比,自适应模糊PID温度控制超调量降低了75%,调节时间加快了20%.综合考虑调节时间、超调量、稳态误差、电堆输出性能等因素,自适应模糊PID温度控制有利于提高大功率空冷自增湿PEMFC输出特性. 

Temperature Control of High-Power Self-Humidifying PEMFC with Air Cooling

To study the influence of temperature control on the stack output performance of high-power self-humidifying proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with air cooling, four control methods including fuzzy control, PID control, fuzzy-PID switching control, and adaptive fuzzy PID control are employed to test the stack. Results show that distinct differences exist in response performances of the stack among different control methods with load variations. More specifically, the fuzzy control has a greater influence on the output performance of the stack, resulting in obvious concentration polarization with heavy current output. In addition, when the load changes, problems of excessive overshoot in dynamic response and long regulation time exist in the fuzzy control, PID control, and fuzzy-PID switching control, while the adaptive fuzzyPID control has tiny overshoot and short regulation time. Compared with the PID temperature control, the adaptive fuzzy PID temperature control reduces the overshoot by at least 75%, and reduces the regulation time by at least 20%. By comprehensively evaluating the typical parameters such as regulation time, overshoot, control error, and the stack output performance, the adaptive fuzzyPID temperature control is favorable to improve the output performance of the high-power self-humidifying PEMFC with air cooling.