高速动车组空气弹簧故障模式下转向架动态响应

为了模拟高速动车组空气弹簧发生故障后的工作状态,基于气动力学理论与函数拟合方法,建立了空气弹簧系统的三维耦合动力学模型,并将该模型与高速动车组整车动力学模型进行了联合仿真,研究了空气弹簧故障模式下高速动车组转向架的动力学响应.由空气弹簧泄漏过程分析可知,空气弹簧泄漏导致车辆失稳的可能性较小,但会使平稳性下降;车辆的垂向与横向安全性指标峰值分别出现在泄漏面积约为15 mm2和30 mm2处;差压阀在空气弹簧的泄漏中能够有效保障车辆的动力学性能.由车辆曲线通过性分析可知,车辆通过曲线的方向若与空气弹簧的泄漏在同侧,则轮重减载率高出直线工况约20%;差压阀与高度调整阀的失效均会对车辆的动力学性能造成一定程度的影响,但各项指标仍满足安全性要求. 

Dynamic Response of Bogie in Failure Modes of High-Speed EMU Air Spring

In order to simulate the failure states of a high-speed EMU's air spring, a 3D coupled dynamics model of the air spring system was established by the theory of pneumatics and the function fitting method. A co-simulation by combination of the 3D coupled model of air spring and the vehicle MBS dynamics model of EMU was carried out to study the dynamics response of the high-speed EMU bogie in the failure modes of air spring. The results of air spring leakage analysis show that the possibility of the vehicle instability caused by the leakage of air spring is little, but the leakage will cause the ride comfort to deteriorate. The peak values of vehicle vertical and horizontal safety indexes appear when the leakage area is 15 mm2 and 30 mm2, respectively. The action of the differential pressure valve can effectively guarantee the vehicle dynamics performance in the air spring leakage process. The results of vehicle curving performance analysis show that, if the direction of the vehicle passing a curve is consistent with the leakage side of the air spring, the wheel load reduction rate is about 20% higher than that on a straight track. The failure of the differential pressure valve and the leveling valve will affect the vehicle dynamics performance to some extent, but the dynamics indexes can still meet the safety requirement.