水路交通技术发展趋势

对水路交通技术趋势相关文献开展文献计量分析，从主要研究国家、作者与关键词等方面梳理了研究脉络；综合国内外水路交通发展指导政策、前瞻报告与典型案例，分析并总结了水路交通技术发展现状，研判了未来水路交通技术发展趋势。研究结果表明: 水路交通技术将朝着以下5个方向发展。在水路运载工具方面，运输船舶逐步少人化，内河、近海、深远海船舶发展趋于谱系化；在航运基础设施方面，航道设施、能源供给、信息网络发展趋于一体化，并且船岸协同能力增强，船舶远程操控可实现，岸基船舶控制中心建设成为水运基础设施重要组成部分；在船舶动力方面，日趋严格的减排目标推动船用清洁能源发展，船舶动力系统将呈现多能源化和电动化；在船舶航行方面，多船协同运输可提高运输效率，内河、近海船舶编队航行成为运输新模式；在海事监管与安全方面，智能系统的应用使船舶人因事故逐步降低，智能无人系统救援成为现实。研究成果可以有效指导水路交通系统的未来规划、设计、建设与应用，为培育和发展水运新业态，逐步实现未来新一代航运系统提供有力支撑。 

Development trends of waterway transportation technology

A bibliometric analysis of literatures related to waterway transportation technology trends was carried out to sort out the research lineage in terms of major research countries, authors and keywords. The current development of waterway transportation technology was analyzed and summarized by comprehensively studying guiding policies, forward-looking reports and typical cases of waterway transportation development both in China and abroad, and the future development trend of waterway transportation technology was judged. Research results show that waterway transportation technology will develop in the following five directions. In terms of waterway carriers, transport vessels will gradually require less manpower, and inland river, offshore and deep-sea vessels will form a spectrum. In terms of shipping infrastructure, the waterway facilities, energy supply, and information networks will be integrated. The ship-shore collaboration ability will be strengthened, the ship remote control can be realized, and the construction of shore-based ship control centre will become an important part of waterway transport infrastructure. In terms of ship power, increasingly stringent emission reduction targets will promote the development of ship clean energy, and the ship power system will be driven by multi-diversified energy and electricity. In terms of ship navigation, multi-ship cooperative transportation can improve transportation efficiency, and the inland river and offshore ship formation navigation becomes a new mode of transportation. In terms of maritime supervision and safety, the application of intelligent system makes ship human-caused accidents gradually reduce, and intelligent unmanned system rescue becomes a reality. The research results can effectively guide the future planning, design, construction and application of waterway transportation system, and provide strong support for cultivating and developing new waterway transportation industry and gradually realizing the future new generation shipping system.