中低速磁浮车辆研究综述

基于电磁悬浮型中低速磁浮列车的工作原理，阐述了中低速磁浮各核心子系统(悬浮导向系统、牵引电机、走行机构、制动系统、轨道-桥梁结构等)的技术特征，综合分析了各子系统存在的技术问题和解决方案；梳理了日本Linimo列车、韩国EcoBee列车、长沙磁浮快线、北京磁浮S1线和西南交通大学自主研发的(悬挂)中置式磁浮列车的发展历程及技术特点，总结了中低速磁浮列车的技术重点和难点。研究结果表明:车-轨耦合振动应综合考虑悬浮控制、车辆结构参数、桥梁结构参数、空气动力效应、直线电机等因素的影响，建立完备的车-轨耦合振动研究模型；悬浮冗余匮乏可综合利用机械冗余和电气冗余的技术特点，对中低速磁浮的冗余设计方案进行改进；磁浮靴轨受流应与地铁靴轨受流区分，充分考虑磁浮列车的耦合作用特性，探索无缝供电轨技术在中低速磁浮中的工程实用性；悬浮控制由于控制器主频较低，程序运行周期过长，应提高控制算法和悬浮系统故障诊断技术的精确性和稳定性；车辆轻量化设计应在保证结构强度的基础上，综合考虑车体、走行机构等多因素的结构特点，以提高中低速磁浮列车运载能力；应综合不同磁浮线路要求，建立统一的线路标准，提高中低速磁浮工程化应用能力。 

Research review on medium and low speed maglev vehicle

Based on the working principle of electro-magnetic suspension (EMS) type medium and low speed maglev (MLSM) train, the technical characteristics of each core subsystem (levitation-guidance system, traction motor, running gear, braking system and track-bridge structure, etc.) of MLSM train were described, and the technical problems and solutions of each subsystem were comprehensively analyzed. The development histories and technical characteristics of Linimo train in Japan, EcoBee train in Korea, maglev express in Changsha, maglev line S1 in Beijing as well as the self-developed MLSM train with mid-set suspension of Southwest Jiaotong University were summarized, and also the technical key points and difficulties of MLSM train. Research results show that, for the vehicle-guideway coupling vibration, a complete vehicle-guideway coupling vibration research model should be established considering the influences of levitation control, structural parameters of vehicle and bridge, aerodynamic effect, linear induction motor and other factors. For the lack of suspension redundancy, the redundancy design scheme of MLSM should be improved by comprehensively utilizing the characteristics of mechanical redundancy and electrical redundancy. For the boots-rail current collection, the current collection relationship of maglev boots-rail should be distinguished from metro boots-rail, the coupling characteristics of maglev train are fully considered, and the engineering practicability of seamless power rail technology in MLSM is explored. For the levitation control, the accuracy and stability of control algorithm and levitation system fault diagnosis technology should be improved due to the low dominant frequency of controller and long running cycle of program. For the light-weight design of vehicle, the structural characteristics of vehicle, running gear and other factors should be comprehensively considered on the basis of ensuring the structural strength, so as to improve the MLSM train carrying capacity. In addition, a unified track standard should be established based on different maglev line requirements, so as to improve the engineering application ability of MLSM. 7 tabs, 12 figs, 97 refs.