考虑空驶距离的出租汽车空气污染排放模型

为合理、准确量化空驶状态下出租汽车空气污染排放总量及比例,基于深圳市出租汽车GPS数据,构建考虑空驶距离的出租汽车空气污染排放模型。经过数据筛选,以深圳市3 198辆出租汽车为分析对象,识别出租汽车空驶和载客状态,进而计算载客距离和空驶距离。结合已有的三类出租汽车空气污染排放模型,考虑出租汽车空驶距离分别构建改进模型。参考已有研究成果设定空气污染排放因子,计算得到三类模型对应的空驶过程中出租汽车空气污染排放量占各自污染排放总量的比例分别为25.4%,34.2%和18.9%。最后,从排放因子、行驶距离、燃油经济性等方面探讨出租汽车空气污染减排策略。

Empty Driving Distance-based Taxicab Emission Model

To effectively measure the total amount and proportion of taxicab emissions considering empty driving, this paper develops an empty driving distance-based taxicab emission model based on taxi GPS da-ta in Shenzhen. Targeting at 3,198 taxicabs in Shenzhen through data filtering, this paper recognizes taxies driving with or without passengers and calculate their driving distances. Based on the existing three types of taxicab emission models, the paper makes improvement separately with the empty driving distance tak-en into consideration. By selecting emission factors based on existing research, the paper estimates the pro-portions of taxicab emissions under empty driving to be 25.4%, 34.2%and 18.9%in total pollution emis-sions with the three models, respectively. Finally, the paper discusses strategies for taxicab emissions reduc-tion in different aspects including emissions factor, driving distance, fuel economy, and etc.