基于振动性态和破坏相似的边坡振动台模型实验相似律

鉴于岩土动态性质复杂及地震模拟振动台尺寸较大,边坡振动台模型实验采用原型工点采样岩土材料制成模型.模型实验相似律不仅应确保由共振频率与行波效应所体现的振动性态相似,同时应尽可能对变形破坏行为进行相似模拟,即做到破坏强度和应力水平相似.相似律关键在于保证原型、模型的按参考应变归一化后的应变比一致,因为岩土体本构关系呈软弹簧非线性,归一化应变比不仅决定对应的相对应力水平,更重要的是影响着共振频率.基于Mohr-Coulomb破坏准则和双曲线动本构模型恢复力骨干曲线,提出在保持归一化的剪应变比一致条件下,兼顾振动性态和破坏相似的振动台模型实验相似律:由土体初始剪切模量随埋深的幂函数变化规律,按振动性态相似原则确定台面输入地震波波形的时间压缩比,再以岩土材料的强度参数(c,φ值)按破坏相似原则确定台面输入波形的幅值比,得到各主要物理量的相似律.

Similitude for shaking table model test on side slope relating to dynamic characteristics and strength

Beause of the complexity of soil's dynamic characteristics and large size of earthquake simulation shaking table,side slope models on shaking table constructed by filling soils sample in-situ.The similitude for slope model test ought to reflect the similarity between model and prototype,especially resonant frequency,travelling wave effect and deformation failure behavior.Due to the soft-spring nonlinear behavior of soils,the key condition to determine similitude is keeping the same strain ratio,which expres...