曲线几何参数对货车转向架曲线通过性能的影响

利用SIMPACK仿真软件建立副构架径向转向架和交叉支撑转向架的动力学模型，并对其动力学性能进行仿真计算，分析比较曲线半径、超高等曲线几何参数对2种转向架曲线通过性能的影响。结果表明：曲线半径和欠超高对径向转向架和交叉支撑转向架的脱轨系数、轮重减载率影响比较接近；曲线半径在400-1200m范围内，自导向径向转向架能有效提高通过性能，明显降低轮对冲角，减缓轮轨磨耗；欠超高对2种转向架轮对冲角的影响近似成线性关系，且其影响程度仅和转向架本身属性相关，与曲线半径无关。指出采用磨耗功率评价欠超高对曲线轮轨磨耗的影响更为合理，因为不仅能反映出磨耗与欠超高的关系，还能反映出曲线外轨超高设置不同时轮轨磨耗的变化特点，这与工程实际中减小外轨超高、设置欠超高有利于降低轮轨磨耗是一致的。

Influence of Curve Geometric Parameters on the Curve Negotiation Performance of Freight Car Bogies

SIMPACK Software is applied to establish the dynamic model of the sub-frame radial bogie and the cross-braced bogle, in which simulation calculation of its dynamic performance is carried out. The influences of the curve radius and superelevation on the curve negotiation capability of two types of bogies are compared and analyzed. The results show that the influences of curve radius and inadequate superelevation on the derailment coefficients and wheel load reduction rate of both radial bogie and cross-braced bogie are comparatively similar. When the curve radius is in the range of 400-1 200 m, the self-steering radial bogies may effectively improve the negotiation performance, clearly reduce the attack angle of wheelsets, and decrease the wear of wheel/rail. The effects of inadequate superelevation on the wheelsets attack angles of two types of bogies are approximately in linear relationship, and the influence degree of which is only related to the self-property of bogies and has nothing to do with curve radius. This article indicates that applying the wear power to evaluate the influence of inadequate superelevation on wheel/rail wear is more rational. That is because it not only can reflect the wear has no relationship with inadequate superelevation, but also show the change characteristics of wheel/rail wear at different settings of the outer rail superelevation. This is in accordance with the actual project to reduce the wear of wheel/rail by decreasing the outer rail superelevation and setting inadequate superelevation.