考虑车轮谐波磨耗的动车组车轴疲劳寿命

以CRH380BL型高速动车组为研究对象,基于车轮谐波磨耗的实测结果,建立刚性轮轨、刚性轮柔性轨、柔性轮刚性轨以及柔性轮轨4种不同轮轨关系下的车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型,通过对比分析4种模型的轮轨振动特性,得到最能反映真实情况的轮轨耦合动力学模型;基于车轴受力分析,采用有限元软件ANSYS进行车轴静强度计算;采用多体动力学软件计算考虑车轮谐波磨耗的车轴载荷时间历程;根据疲劳累积损伤理论,采用FE-SAFE软件分析考虑车轮谐波磨耗的车轴疲劳寿命。结果表明:柔性轮轨关系更能反映轮轨的真实接触状态;车轴轮座内侧圆弧过渡处的应力最大,为114.4 MPa;考虑车轮谐波磨耗的车轴疲劳寿命约为19.2 a;车轮谐波磨耗导致轮轨振动加剧,对车轴疲劳寿命产生明显不利的影响。

Fatigue Life of EMU Axle Considering Harmonic Wear of Wheel

Taking CRH380BL high-speed EMU as the research object,based on the measured results of wheel harmonic wear,the vehicle-track coupling dynamics models were established under four different wheel-rail relations,namely,rigid wheel-rail,rigid wheel flexible rail,flexible wheel rigid rail and flexible wheel-rail.Through the contrast analysis of the wheel-rail vibration characteristics of the four models,the wheel-rail coupling dynamic model that could best reflect the real situation was obtained.Based on the analysis of axle force,the static strength of axle was calculated by using the finite element software ANSYS.Multi-body dynamics software was used to calculate the time history of axle load considering the harmonic wear of wheel.According to the theory of cumulative fatigue damage,FE-SAFE software was used to analyze the fatigue life of axle considering the harmonic wear of wheel.Results show that the relationship between the flexible wheel and rail can better reflect the real contact state of the wheel and rail.The stress,which is 114.4 MPa,is the largest at the transition point of the inner arc of axle wheel seat.The fatigue life of axle is about 19.2 a considering the harmonic wear of wheel.The harmonic wear of wheel leads to the aggravation of wheel and rail vibration,which has an obvious adverse effect on the fatigue life of axle.