城市轨道交通9号道岔减振扣件设计与研究

针对城市轨道交通正线道岔区的中等减振需求,从扣件结构组装方式、锚固螺栓形式、胶垫材质、调高方式以及岔区刚度均匀化实现方式等方面进行研究,提出一种预埋铁座式的道岔减振扣件设计方案,并对扣件进行有限元分析和室内试验。该扣件橡胶胶垫采用耐油橡胶,整体结构采用可拆卸式设计,相比传统双层非线性减振扣件取消下层铁垫板,其具有更小的扣件安装高度和更高的横向稳定性。通过调整铁垫板下橡胶垫上的开孔方式以及表面钉柱排布形式,获得岔区各扣件节点的不同刚度,从而实现道岔区整体刚度均匀化。扣件组装疲劳试验、预埋铁座抗拔力试验及有限元分析结果表明,扣件铁垫板及其连接件等主要部件强度满足设计要求;落锤冲击对比试验结果显示,采用该扣件方案相比普通分开式扣件地面垂向振动Z振级VLz减少8.48 dB,该减振扣件满足城市轨道交通道岔区中等减振的使用要求。

Design and Research of Vibration Absorbing Fasteners for No.9 Turnout of Urban Rail Transit

Aiming at the medium vibration reduction demand of the urban rail transit main track turnout zone, the research is focused on fastener structure assembly method, anchor bolt form, rubber pad material, height adjustment method and uniformity of the turnout zone. A turnout embedded ballast damping fastener is proposed in the design, and it is subjected to finite element analysis and indoor test. The fastener rubber pad is made of oil-resistant rubber, and the overall structure adopts a detachable design. Compared with the traditional double-layer nonlinear vibration-damping fastener, the lower iron pad of the fastener is eliminated with smaller installation height and higher lateral stability. By adjusting the opening method in the rubber pad under the iron pad and the arrangement of the surface studs, different stiffness of the fastener nodes in the turnout zone is obtained, thereby achieving uniformity of the overall stiffness of the turnout zone. The results of fastener assembly fatigue test, pre-embedded iron seat pull-out test and finite element analysis show that the strength of the main components such as the fastener iron pad and its connecting parts meet the design requirements, and the drop hammer impact test results show that the fastener scheme is applicable. Compared with the ordinary split fastener, the ground vertical vibration Z-magnet VLz is reduced by 8.48 dB. The vibration-damping fastener meets the requirements of medium vibration reduction in the turnout zone of urban rail transit.