高海拔特长铁路隧道定点防灾救援研究

为研究高海拔特长隧道定点防灾救援设计中不同火灾场景下救援横通道数量对人员疏散的影响,依托关角隧道对高海拔条件下火灾发展及人员疏散过程进行研究。利用FDS火灾模拟软件对关角隧道救援站进行高海拔条件下的火灾数值模拟计算,通过改变火源热释放速率以及救援横通道数量,得到不同火灾场景下可用安全疏散时间。利用人员疏散软件EXODUS对不同场景下高海拔地区人员疏散过程进行模拟,得到必需的人员疏散时间,通过与可用疏散时间的比较,最终确定高海拔特长铁路隧道定点救援站合理的救援横通道数量为8~9座。

Study on the Designated Disaster Prevention and Rescue in High-altitude Extra-long Railway Tunnel

To understand the influence of different number of cross passages on the evacuation and rescue under different fire scenarios in the design of high-altitude extra-long railway tunnels,Guanjiao tunnel is taken as a reference to study the evacuation and rescue of people and development of fire under high altitude condition. FDS fire simulation software is used to calculate fire development of Guanjiao rescue station by means of changing fire heat release rate and the number of rescue cross passages and obtain available evacuation time under different fire scenarios. EXODUS evacuation software is applied to simulate the evacuation process under different scenarios and obtain the required evacuation time under high altitude condition. In comparison with available evacuation time,the reasonable number of cross passages for designated rescue station of high altitude extra-long railway tunnel is determined to be 8 or 9.