长大铁路隧道水文地质勘察中存在的主要问题

由于勘察阶段勘探和试验工作受限或不够完善,影响到隧道涌水量预测的各主要因素难以准确确定,从而导致隧道设计预测涌水量不准确,施工中突、涌水灾害时有发生,进而严重地影响了隧道施工进度及安全。以部分已施工隧道为例,对施工阶段出现的问题与勘察阶段勘探和试验中各项工作完成的质量进行详细对照分析,找出目前长大隧道水文地质勘察中存在的主要问题,有助于今后有效进行隧道水文地质勘察,提高隧道涌水量预测的准确性,避免出现施工阶段的补充勘察及二次设计。

Analysis on Main Problems in Hydrogeology Investigation Stage for Long and Large Tunnels

If the exploration and experimental works in investigation stage are limited or not perfect,it will be difficult to accurately determine the main factors which affect the tunnel water inflow prediction; and consequentially this will make the water inflow prediction in tunnel design stage inaccurate,resulting in water inrush or water inflow hazards occurring in tunnel construction stage from time to time,and posing a serious threat to the tunnel construction progress and safety. To solve this problem,in this paper,some of the under-construction tunnels were taken as the examples, and then a detailed comparative analysis was carried out,between the problems existing in construction stage and the relevant exploration / experiment work qualities completed in investigation stage. As a result,the main problems existing in hydrogeology investigation stages for long and large tunnels have been found out in this study. This study can be useful for making an effective hydrogeology investigation in future,improving the accuracy of tunnel water inflow prediction,and therefore avoiding supplementary investigation and design alteration in construction stage.