加强地铁车站防火灾设计措施的研究(上)

研究目的:为地铁车站的防火设计探求系统的方法和对策,深入研究分析地铁车站防灾的设计措施,特别对大型换乘枢纽的防灾设计提出设想与展望。研究方法:结合地铁的相关火灾案例,分析地铁火灾的特点;从站台型式、安全疏散等方面对地铁车站防灾设计进行专题研究,论证地铁车站防灾的对策。研究结果:对不同的车站形式、不同的换乘功能,提出加强防灾设计的对策;对大型综合交通枢纽提出可操作的防灾设计建议。研究结论:地铁火灾危害极大,设计必须高度重视;建议优先采用岛式站台车站,严格按照规范落实防火分隔及疏散要求;大型换乘枢纽的建筑空间应结合下沉广场和出入口通道的设置统一做好消防规划。

Research on Strengthening the Design Measures for Fire Prevention for Metro Station

Research purposes: The purposes are to find out the systematical methods and countermeasures for fire prevention design for metro station,make deep research and analysis of the design measures for disaster prevention for metro station,and propose the tentative ideas and prospects for the disaster prevention design,especially for large-sized transfer station.Research methods:Based on the metro fire cases,the analysis was made for the characteristics of metro fire,the special research was done for the disaster design for metro station from the fields of platform type and evacuating passengers safety,and the countermeasures for disaster prevention were demonstrated for metro station.Research results:The countermeasures for strengthening disaster prevention design were proposed for the different station types and transfer functions,and the practical suggestions to the disaster prevention were put forward for large-sized comprehensive transportation terminals.Research conclusions:Metro fire can cause serious harm,so the attention should be paid to the disaster prevention design.It is proposed that for the station type,the priority should be given to island platform station with satisfying the requirements of separation and evacuation for fire prevention,and the fire prevention plan should be will worked out for the architectural space of large-sized transfer terminals in combination with the down-going square and entrance passage.