隧道变形监测及灰色模型预测分析

在哈尔滨地铁施工过程中现场监测基础上，结合现场施工状况，对隧道收敛、拱顶下沉做了深入分析，并利用灰色理论对风险源进行了预测，得出以下结论：双向扩挖比单边扩挖造成的隧道收敛和拱顶下沉变化值增长接近1倍；渗水影响围岩的稳定性，裂缝的出现会加速渗水，造成围岩稳定性的进一步恶化，隧道一旦出现渗水现象要及时排水，并铺设防水材料；对于收敛和拱顶变化较大的地方要及时架设钢支撑；灰色模型能快速准确的反应隧道拱顶下沉趋势，为后续施工提供借鉴。

Tunnel Deformation Monitoring and Gray Forecasting Analysis

On the basis of on-site monitoring of construction process for Harbin metro, combined with on-site construction conditions, in- depth analysis is carried out on tunnel convergence and invert settlement. Meanwhile gray theory predicts risk source, the following conclusions are made： two-way tunneling has more tunnel convergence and invert settlement with an increase in values nearly doubled when comparing with unilateral tunneling; the seepage has impact on stability of surrounding rock, and occurring of cracks will accelerate water seepage, causing further deterioration of surrounding rock stability. Once there is seepage in tunnel, on time drainage is very necessary, and so is the laying of waterproof material. With big increase at places where there are convergence and inverter changes, an erection of steel support must be available. Gray model can quickly and accurately show tunnel inverter settlement trend and provide a reference for subsequent construction.