基于广义费用函数的城际铁路分时定价策略研究

随着我国城市群的发展,区域内部各城市之间的客流需求不断增长,城际铁路作为城市间出行的主要方式,客流在高峰、低谷时段具有明显的不均衡性。为了更加平稳有序地提供高质量服务,充分发挥票价调节供需匹配关系的作用,对城际铁路分时定价策略进行研究,构建不同时刻、不同运输方式的旅客出行广义费用函数,建立双层规划模型,优化不同时段城际铁路票价,并结合Frank-Wolfe算法和带有惯性权重的粒子群算法,求解双层规划模型。最后,以京津城际铁路为例,验证了分时定价策略可以使客流分布更加均衡,并提高铁路运输部门收益。

Research on Time Differential Pricing Strategy of Intercity Railway Based on Generalized Cost Function

With the development of urban agglomerations in China,the demand of passenger flow between cities in the region is growing.With the characteristics of environmental friendliness,convenience and large traffic volume,intercity railway will become the main mode of intercity travel.The passenger flow of intercity railway is obviously unbalanced in the peak and off-peak periods.In order to provide consistent high-quality services and maximize the role of ticket price in regulating the matching relationship between supply and demand,this paper studied the time-sharing pricing strategy of intercity railway.A generalized cost function under different transportation modes at different time periods was constructed.A double-layer programming model was established to optimize the ticket prices of intercity railway for different time periods.In this paper,Frank-Wolfe algorithm and particle swarm optimization algorithm with inertia weight were combined to solve the bi-level programming model.Finally,based on the example of Beijing Tianjin Intercity Railway,it is verified that the strategy of time-sharing pricing can lead to a more balanced distribution of passenger flow,and improve the revenue of railway transportation sector.