高速轮轨列车制动盘热应力有限元研究

盘式摩擦制动器在高速轮轨列车上有着广泛的应用。但该制动器在制动过程中因制动盘温度的急剧上升,将使制动性能降低,甚至有可能导致制动盘失效,因此制动盘温度和应力分布对制动盘的寿命及制动性能有着重大影响。本文采用有限元方法对高速轮轨列车制动盘的瞬态温度场和热应力进行了分析研究。根据制动盘制动原理和传热原理,确定了温度场和热应力有限元分析中的载荷、边界条件、加载过程和模拟工况,通过对蠕铁、25Cr2Mo1V和35CrMo 3种制动盘材料在相同结构、相同制动过程条件下的热应力分析,对不同材料制动盘热应力的影响进行了考查和热特性的分析对比,为制动盘的设计和优化提供了依据。

FEM Thermal Stress Analysis of High-speed Locomotive Braking Discs

Friction braking discs are widely used in high-speed locomotives.During braking,the braking performance becomes worse and worse as the disc temperature rises sharply,which even causes the braking disc to fail. So the temperature and stress distribution in the braking discs are very important to the operation life and braking performance of the discs.In this paper,numerical analysis is carried out by the finite element method for the transient temperature fields and thermal stresses of high-speed locomotive braking discs.The loads,boundary conditions,loading processes and typical cyclic brake modes in the finite element analysis of temperatures and stress fields are discussed according to the heat transfer theory and braking principle of the braking discs.By the thermal stresses analysis of three kinds of braking discs(Vermicular Graphite Cast Iron,25Cr2Mo1V and 35CrMo)of the same structure and in the same working conditions,effects of different materials on thermal stresses of the discs are examined and comparisons are made among their thermal characteristics. FEM predictions are applicable to design and optimization of the braking discs.