危险货物集装箱传热数值分析

影响铁路危险货物集装箱运输安全的因素很多,其中最主要的因素是温度.集装箱箱内环境温度的变化除取决于周围空气温度、太阳辐射、大地和周围物体的热辐射等因素外,同时集装箱内货物的装载方式和货物的物理性质也影响各部位的温度范围和变化,是一个复杂的传热过程.仅凭经验判断,确定箱内温度,制定运输条件,缺乏理论性指导.基于此,本文对典型干热气候区集装箱内外温度的实测值用有限元法进行传热模拟分析,首先建立了集装箱有限元传热及计算模型,然后针对典型气候进行最不利条件下货物和集装箱温度分布数值计算,为确定集装箱运输危险货物的方案和适箱货物提供参考依据.

Numerical Analysis of Heat Transfer of Dangerous Goods Container

There are many factors influencing the safety of railway transportation of dangerous goods by container. One of the important factors is the temperature of goods in container. The temperature changes with the ambient air temperatures, direct solar radiation and thermal radiation of the earth and objects around the container. At the same time the loading mode of goods in container and the physical properties of the goods also have effects on the temperature of goods. The heat transfer process is very complicated. There is no solid base to estimate the temperatures by experience and according to such temperatures to dertermine the transportation conditions of dangerous goods by container. This paper simulates heat transfer of the container by means of the finite element method. The heat transfer model for a container is established. Numerical simulation is made for the typical climate under the most unfavorable conditions. Compared with experimental results, it is found that the heat transfer model of the container is reasonable, and some valuable information for safe railway transportation of dangerous goods by container can be obtained from such analysis.