铁道车辆空气弹簧系统最优控制策略及方法研究

铁道机车车辆动力学性能的运行稳定性、平稳性和曲线通过性能是由机车车辆悬挂系统参数和轨道系统参数所决定的。改善机车车辆的运行品质有两条途径:一是提高线路等级;二是合理设计机车车辆的悬挂参数。对新修线路来说,提高线路等级会使造价增加,对于大部分既有线路来说,轨道参数是一定的,要保证机车车辆的运行品质,在很大程度上取决于机车车辆悬挂系统参数的优化选择。半主动控制是近年来机车车辆研究领域发展起来的一门新技术。本文首先介绍了最优控制的基本原理,然后运用半主动控制技术对空气弹簧进行分析,提出了一套以调节空气弹簧阻尼为目的的最优控制方案,并且运用计算机软件SIMULINK对半主动控制空气弹簧悬挂系统进行了计算机仿真。研究结果表明,运用半主动控制技术可以得到更佳的空气弹簧悬挂参数,进而提高车辆的运行平稳性。

Study on the Optimal Control Tactics and Method About Rail Vehicle Airspring Systems

Dynamics performance of vehicles,including hunting motion,riding comfort and ability of passing curve,is determined by parameters of vehicle suspension systems and rails.So,enhancing ranks of rails and designing rationally parameters of vehicles suspension systems are two ways to improve the quality of vehicles in motion.Enhancing the rank of rails is expensive to newly built railways,and parameters of rails are fixed for most existing railways.Thus,the running quality of vehicles is mainly determined by parameters of vehicle suspension systems.In recent years,semi-active control has be come new technology in the domain of rolling stock.In this paper,the fundamental principle of optimal control is introduced,and the airspring is analyzed by using the semi-active control technology.An active control project for adjusting airspring damping is put forward,and the semi-active control airspring suspension system is simulated with software SIMULINK.The results show that good airspring suspension parameters are chosen with the semi-active control technology,and riding comfort of vehicles is improved.