内燃机车电控喷油系统模拟计算与实验

对内燃机车柴油机电控喷油系统进行了数值模拟计算,将电磁阀闭合后的燃油流动过程等效为一维流体非定常流动,用连续性方程和动量方程建立了数学模型。将电控单体泵系统划分为单体柱塞泵、供油凸轮、高压油管、电磁阀和喷油器几个子模块并分别进行数值计算,确定了油管两端的边界条件。以单体泵初始状态和外部条件为输入量,采用特征线法得出各点的燃油压力,并将仿真结果以图形的方式输出;在电控喷油泵试验台上进行了压力特性试验,得到不同凸轮轴转速下的泵、嘴端的喷油压力波形。两者对比验证了数值计算和分析的准确性,得出电控单体泵各部件参数对喷油过程的影响,为内燃机车柴油机电控燃油喷射系统的研制打下了理论基础。

Simulation and Experiment of Electronic Unit Pump (EUP) System of Diesel Locomotive

This paper describes the modeling and simulating process of the electronic unit pump(EUP) system of the diesel engine of the locomotive.The fuel flow process is considered equivalent to one dimensional unsteady flow.The mathematical model is built with the continuity equation and momentum equation.The EUP system is divided into sub-modules of the cam,unit pump,solenoid valve,high-pressure fuel pipe and injector and so on.Calculation is made by sub-modules.The boundary conditions at the two ends of the pipe are determined.The characteristic method is used to get the key-point diesel pressures.Experiments are made on the EUP test-bed and the injection pressure waveforms under different cam-axle rotating speeds are obtained.The simulation results match the test data well.The influence of the parameters of EUP components on the pumping process is found.This lays a good theoretical foundation for the development of the EUP system.