根据车轮抬升量评判车辆脱轨的方法与准则

分析比较了目前国际上常用的车辆脱轨评价标准的特点及其不足，指出我国现行国家标准GB5599-85评判车辆脱轨所存在的突出问题，在此基础上提出直接根据车轮抬升量评判脱轨的原理与方法，运用车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论，对单轮对爬轨脱轨和跳轨脱轨过程进行了计算仿真，得出脱轨系数超限时间与车轮抬升量之间的关系，提出最大允许超限时间为35ms的安全准则，并进行了实际线路工况下整车轮轨相互作用脱轨仿真验证，最后提出针对我国车辆脱轨评判的建议标准及其实施细则。

Method and criteria for evaluation of wheel derailment based on wheel vertical rise

After comparing the worldwide commonly used evaluation criteria for wheel derailment with that given in the China's national standard, GB 5599—85, some limitations were pointed out in the paper. A principle and the method were then proposed to evaluate the wheel derailment based on the variation of wheel vertical rise. Wheel derailment courses were simulated both for a single wheelset derailment and for a full-scale vehicle derailment from the point of view of vehicle-track coupling dynamics. Results obtained show that if the wheel vertical rise height is smaller than the wheel flange height, the wheel derailment can be avoided, no matter whether the derailment coefficient (Q/P) is larger than the Nadal value or not. A proposed derailment criterion for evaluation of railway vehicle safety is given in the last part of the paper.