有轨电车可持续发展研究

近年来国内有轨电车快速发展,但同时由于对有轨电车认识不充分,定位不准确,片面追求城市景观、经济带动、示范试验等作用,忽视有轨电车基本交通功能,而出现诸如客流效益差、建设成本高、运营成本高等问题。选取国内已运营有轨电车项目中的典型案例,分别从实际客流、建设成本、运营成本等方面进行论证分析,指出存在的问题及主要原因,并对交通影响和运营安全等方面进行阐述。提出有轨电车的建设应以发展交通、解决交通问题为初衷,先规划后建设;应把投资用在关键部分,降低建设成本;应提高有轨电车的运营效率,降低运营成本。

Research on the Sustainable Development of Trams

Currently, the tram market is rapidly growing in China. However, for decision makers and tram planners, several issues should be taken into account, e.g. insufficient understanding, inaccurate positioning, landscape overemphasis, as well as overemphasis on the role of transit-oriented development (TOD) mode and on city image. Consequently, in some cases, transport function has been ignored, which leads to a smaller passenger flow, unexpected construction costs, and unbalanced operation costs, etc. This article focuses on Chinese cities with tram lines and evaluates some important indicators, such as passenger occupancy, construction costs and operation benefits. In addition, the article highlights and analyzes the main factors influencing traffic and safety issues. Finally, this article argues that domestic tram projects should emphasize the fulfilment of basic transport demands. In addition, decision makers and planners should reduce construction and operation costs and increase operation efficiency.