取消地铁区间联络通道防火门的探讨

地铁两条地下区间之间联络通道中的防火门受列车活塞风压的长期往复作用,损坏脱落、威胁行车安全的情况时有发生,甚至造成较为严重的事故。通过火灾烟气模拟分析认为:车站设置全封闭站台门的情况下,采用设定的区间火灾纵向排烟模式,联络通道中能出现一定风速的气流以抵抗烟气向非火灾区间蔓延,对于设有1条联络通道和2条联络通道的区间,不设置联络通道防火门不会出现烟气向非火灾区间蔓延的情况,取消防火门是安全的;对于设有单渡线等配线的区间则存在烟气向非火灾区间蔓延的可能性,不应取消防火门。

Canceling Fire Door in Cross-Passageway Based on Smoke Dynamic Simulation

The fire door located in the cross-passageway between two underground sections of the subway is subject to long-term reciprocating effects of the train piston air pressure. Moreover, damage shedding and threats to driving safety occur at times, and can lead to very serious accidents. To solve this problem, it is necessary to improve the performance of the fire door against wind pressure by improving construction and installation standards, strengthening operation systems, and regular maintenance. This process not only has a high cost but also is difficult to manage. In this paper, the fire smoke dynamic simulation method is used to evaluate a station with fully enclosed PSD, adopting the designed longitudinal smoke exhaust model. The paper concludes that for a section with 1 or 2 cross-passageways, canceling the fire door does not cause smoke to spread to the non-fire tunnel; hence, fire doors can be cancelled; however, for a section with sidings, canceling the fire door may cause smoke to spread to the non-fire tunnel; hence, fire doors should not be cancelled.