轨道交通车站超高峰系数 概念辨析及取值研究

轨道交通车站超高峰系数是反映车站高峰客流特征的关键指标之一，是城市轨道交通设施设计规模的重 要依据。首先对超高峰系数的概念进行辨析，指出车站超高峰系数应为车站高峰小时内最大 20 min 进出站客流量 的小时当量与高峰小时进出站客流量的比值。然后，以北京市城市轨道交通车站为实例，对其超高峰系数进行综 合分析，提出轨道交通车站超高峰系数的主要影响因素。研究结果表明：虽有约 74%的轨道交通车站超高峰系数 处于相关规范推荐值 1.1～1.4 区间，但另有 26%的车站超高峰系数处于 1.0～1.1 区间，低于规范推荐最小值；车 站周边用地性质、车站高峰小时进出站客流量及车站客流管控限流措施对车站超高峰系数的取值均会产生影响； 就业类车站超高峰系数取较大值的可能性更高；高峰小时客流较小的车站，其超高峰系数往往偏大，而高峰客流 规模超大型车站，其超高峰系数取值一般不超过 1.2；此外，轨道交通车站限流会降低其超高峰系数。

Concept Discrimination and Selection Research of an Urban Rail Transit Station Super-Peak Coefficient

The station super-peak coefficient is a key indicator that reflects the characteristics of the station''s peak passenger flow and is an important basis for designing urban rail transit facilities. By discriminating its concept, the super-peak factor of a station should be the ratio of the hourly maximum 20-min passenger flow of the peak station hour to the passenger flow entering and leaving the station during the peak hour. This study comprehensively analyzes the super-peak coefficient of each Beijing urban rail transit station and proposes the main influencing factors of the super-peak coefficient of rail transit stations. The results show that approximately 74% of urban rail transit stations have super-peak coefficients in the recommended range of 1.1-1.4, and 26% have super-peak coefficients in the range of 1.0-1.1, which is lower than the recommended value. The nature of the land around a station, station entry and exit passenger volume during peak hours, and passenger flow control measures (metro current limit) of the station all impact the value of the super-peak coefficient of the station. The over-peak