昆明轨道交通引领城市发展实施路径探讨

中国城市轨道交通迎来建设高潮,如何通过以轨道交通为导向的城市开发(TOD)模式实现轨道交通与城市融合发展,使轨道交通建设运营进入良性循环状态成为时下焦点。当前城市发展趋势已经从快速、增量向优化、存量转变,TOD引领城市发展成为实现这一目标的最佳路径之一。昆明作为云南的经济、政治和文化中心,TOD发展尚处于起步阶段。通过借鉴国内外TOD实践经验,从规划前瞻性、土地供应方式灵活性、收益分配等角度对国内其他城市已出台的政策文件进行分析,同时结合昆明城市自身的特征及已存在的突出问题,从顶层规划控制、TOD与各层次规划深度融合、制度创新、配套政策保障等方面提出昆明城市轨道交通引导城市发展的新思路,以保障未来TOD在昆明顺利落地实施。

Implementation Path of Kunming Rail Transit-oriented Development

Urban rail transit in China is experiencing a great construction upsurge. A key emerging topic involves the long_x001e_term integration of rail transit into cities through transitoriented development (TOD). At present, the trend of urban development has changed from rapid and incremental to one centered on optimization and capacity; transitoriented urban development is one of the best ways to achieve this goal. The implementation of TOD in Kunming, the economic and cultural center of Yunnan, is still in progress. This article draws on the typical city experience; we analyzed existing policy documents from the perspectives of planning foresight, land tenure flexibility, and potential benefit to other cities in China. I also considered Kunming''s unique characteristics and critical challenges in the implementation of TOD. This article puts forward novel ideas for the implementation of urban rail transit in Kunming in terms of top-level design and longterm TOD integration as well as all levels of planning, system innovation, and supporting policy.