Estimating mortality impacts from vehicle emission reduction efforts: The Tune In and Tune Up program in the San Joaquin Valley |
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Institution: | 1. UCLA Luskin Center for Innovation, 3323 School of Public Affairs Building, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1656, United States;2. UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, 51-295B CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095, United States;3. UCLA Department of Urban Planning, 3250 School of Public Affairs Building – Box 951656, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1656, United States |
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Abstract: | As a response to profoundly poor air quality and associated environmental justice concerns in the San Joaquin Valley region in California, the Tune In & Tune Up (TI&TU) program provides residents with free vehicle emissions testing and vouchers for smog repair. We used data on approximately 19,000 repaired TI&TU vehicles from 2012 to 2018, and several estimation techniques, to quantify a range of nitrogen oxides (NOX) emissions prevented as a result of the program. We then calculated resulting mortality impacts from reduced exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in the form of secondary nitrates. After applying a novel smog repair emissions abatement depreciation function, we find that six years of operation of the TI&TU program has reduced NOX emissions by approximately 53–302 tons by the end of 2018. Using a concentration response function for ambient PM2.5, we found that between 0.055 and 0.31 premature deaths have also been avoided. We present multiple methods for assessing public health impacts, which can be used as guidance for evaluating similar transportation-based emission reduction programs. |
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Keywords: | Environmental justice Mortality Particulate matter Smog repair Vehicle emissions |
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