隧道爆炸冲击波的危害及控制措施

目前山岭隧道施工基本以钻爆法为主,爆破过程中产生的冲击波会对隧道内的人员及机械设备安全产生较大影响,造成重大安全事故和财产损失。本文主要介绍了冲击波在隧道内传播会形成超压,且随着传播距离增加超压峰值逐渐衰减到大气压范围内;基于超压准则评估了冲击波对人体、隧道内设施及周边建筑物的危害程度;通过在隧道内安装简易的冲击波缓冲装置及加强监测、设置安全警戒线等控制措施,减弱了爆破冲击波的危害,从而达到安全快速施工的目的。

Harm of Tunnel Explosion Shock Wave and Control Measures

At present,the construction of mountain tunnels is basically based on drilling and blasting.The shock wave generated during the blasting process will have a greater impact on the safety of personnel and mechanical equipment in the tunnel,causing major safety accidents and property losses.This article mainly introduces that the shock wave propagating in the tunnel will cause overpressure,and as the propagation distance increases,the overpressure peak gradually attenuates to the atmospheric pressure;based on the overpressure criterion,the impact of the shock wave on the human body,the facilities in the tunnel and the surrounding buildings is evaluated;By installing simple shock wave buffer devices in the tunnel,strengthening monitoring,setting up safety cordon and other control measures,reducing the hazards of blasting shock waves,so as to achieve the purpose of safe and rapid construction.