基于TOPSIS的黑龙江省公路施工路域生态环境影响评价研究

寒冷地区公路建设日趋发展,公路建设对土壤、植被等生态因子产生影响,导致寒区路域生态环境恶化。以典型寒区代表黑龙江省公路为研究对象,创新性地提出将冻土环境作为寒区生态环境评价的重要方面,建立公路施工期路域生态环境影响综合评价指标体系,利用组合赋权法确定指标权重,建立TOPSIS模型,通过计算各级指标贴近度来确定公路施工期路域生态环境影响评价等级。对国道丹阿公路呼十段进行了评价,评价结果为Ⅱ级。结果表明:建立的评价指标体系适用于黑龙江省公路生态环境评价,组合赋权法确定的权重科学合理,TOPSIS模型适用于黑龙江省公路施工期路域生态环境影响评价。

Study on Ecological Environment Impact Assessment of Highway Construction Roads in Heilongjiang Province Based on TOPSIS

The construction of highways in cold regions is developing day by day.The construction of highways affects the ecological factors such as frozen soil environment and vegetation,which leads to the deterioration of the ecological environment of cold roads.This paper takes the representative cold region on behalf of Heilongjiang Province as the research object,and innovatively proposes the frozen soil environment as an important aspect of the ecological environment assessment of the cold region,and establishes a comprehensive evaluation index system for the road ecological environment impact during the road construction period,using the combined empowerment method.Determine the weight of the index,establish the TOPSIS model,and determine the level of ecological environmental impact assessment of the road construction period by calculating the closeness of each level of indicators.The Hushi section of the National Highway Dana Highway was evaluated and the evaluation result was Grade II.The results show that the established evaluation index system is applicable to highway ecological environment assessment in Heilongjiang Province.The weight determined by the combination weighting method is scientific and reasonable.The TOPSIS model is applicable to the road ecological environment impact assessment of highway construction in Heilongjiang Province.