基于车流结构的计重收费可变附加值模型研究

计重收费是一种最主要的货车收费形式。为了分析货车流对公路交通的影响，均衡货车交通量的时空分布，需对传统计重收费方式进行优化。分析车流结构对公路使用寿命、通行能力、交通安全的影响，建立可变附加值模型，并分别对按车型收费、轮轴收费、计重收费、可变附加值计重收费4种方式在不同车流结构或货车总质量下的100km收费额度进行对比分析。分析表明，若按车型收费，在货车总质量和流量较小的情况下适用性较好；而按可变附加值计重收费则可更加合理地反映货车对道路及交通流的影响。

Research on Model of Variable Added Values in Charge by Weight Based on Traffic Flow Structures

Charge by weight is one of the most important truck charging forms. In order to analyze influences of truck flow on highway traffic and equalize space-time distribution of traffic volume of trucks, traditional charging modes should be optimized. This paper analyzes influences of traffic flow structures on service life, traffic capacity and traffic safety of highways, establishes the model of variable added values, and conducts comparative analysis for charge amount per 100km of 4 modes, i.e. charge by vehicle types, charge by wheel and axle, charge by weight with variable added values under different traffic flow structures or total mass of trucks. The analysis shows that charge by vehicle types has good applicability in the case of small total mass and flow; while the charge by with as per variable added values can reflect influences of trucks on road and traffic flow in more reasonable way.