匹配不同动力电池的纯电动汽车全生命周期节能减碳评价研究

为评估匹配不同动力电池的纯电动汽车 （Battery Electric Vehicle，BEV） 全生命周期环境影响，以某款已上市纯电动汽车为研究对象，分别匹配 4款常用动力电池，基于 GaBi软件搭建生命周期评价模型，对其进行 2021年与 2030年全生命周期能源消耗与环境排放研究，并选取关键参数因子进行敏感性分析。研究表明，匹配钛酸锂电池的纯电动汽车化石能源消耗（ADP（f））与全球变暖潜值 （Global Warming Potential，GWP） 均为最高；纯电动汽车在运行使用阶段与生产制造阶段具有较高的能耗与排放；到2030年，纯电动汽车全生命周期ADP（f）与GWP将显著降低，同时随着电力结构的优化与动力电池充电效率的提升，匹配不同动力电池的整车ADP（f）与GWP也将随之降低。

Research on Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction over the Life Cycle of Battery Electric Vehicles with Different Power Batteries

In order to evaluate the life cycle environmental impacts of battery electric vehicles (BEV) with different power batteries, four commonly used power batteries were studied. A life cycle assessment model was built based on Gabi software to predict the vehicle energy consumption and environmental emissions by 2030, and then the key parameter factors for sensitivity analysis were selected. The results show that the abiotic depletion potential (fossil) (ADPf) and the global warming potential(GWP) of the battery electric vehicles with LTO batteries were highest. Higher energy consumption and greater emissions were found during the operation mode and in the production and manufacturing stages. By 2030 the life-cycle ADPf and GWP values of BEV will be significantly reduced, and with the optimization of power structure and the improvement of charging efficiency of power batteries, the vehicle ADPf consumption and GWP emissions when matching with different power batteries will be reduced as well. The paper provides an answer to the question of whether battery electric vehicles meet the requirements of cleaner production over the life cycle.