耦合不同车辆类型的城市道路交通全生命周期评价研究

城市道路交通是我国节能减碳重要领域,如何量化集成道路和车辆的城市道路交通的能源消耗和碳排放成为交通绿色发展的迫切需求。利用全生命周期评价方法,量化评价了城市道路交通原材料获取、施工制造、运行维护和报废拆除阶段的全生命周期化石能源消耗量ADP(f)和全球变暖潜值GWP (以CO_(2)当量计),讨论对比了基于传统燃油汽车(ICEV)、混合动力汽车(HEV)、插电式混合动力汽车(PHEV)、纯电动汽车(BEV)和燃料电池汽车(FCV)的城市道路交通的全生命周期ADP(f)和GWP,并对关键因素年均日通行量、FCV的技术进步和不同车型占比进行了敏感性分析。研究发现,基于ICEV的城市道路交通的全生命周期ADP(f)和GWP分别为3.26E+09 MJ和2.16E+08 kg。相比于ICEV,基于BEV的城市道路交通的全生命周期ADP(f)和GWP分别降低32.5%和36.1%。

Life Cycle Assessment of Urban Road Traffic for Various Different Vehicle Types

Urban road traffic plays an important role in energy conservation and carbon reduction in China.Determining a method to quantify the energy consumption and carbon emissions of urban road traffic,considering both roads and vehicles, has become an urgent demand for green traffic development. The paper employs the full life cycle assessment method to quantitatively evaluate the whole life cycle of fossil energy consumption ADP (f) and global warming potential GWP (calculated in CO2 equivalent) in urban road traffic,including the stages of raw materials acquisition, construction, operation and maintenance, and scrapping and demolition. Additionally the paper compares the full life cycle ADP(f) and GWP of urban road traffic for various vehicle types, including the traditional internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), BEVs and FCVs. Furthermore, a sensitivityanalysis is conducted on the key factors such as the annual average daily traffic volume, technological advances in fuel cell vehicles and the proportion of different vehicle types. It is found that the full life cycle ADP (f) and GWP of urban road traffic based on ICEVs are 3.26E+09 MJ and 2.16E+08 kg, respectively. In comparison to ICEVs, the life cycle ADP (f) and GWP based on BEVs are reduced by 32.5% and 36.1%,respectively.