车用永磁同步电机电磁噪声的分析与优化

为降低转子旋转产生的径向电磁力波作用在定子齿上引起永磁同步电机(PMSM)的电磁噪声,以额定功率为60 kW的车用永磁同步电机为研究对象,通过分析径向电磁力波的产生机理,利用Ansoft Maxwell建立二维电磁仿真模型,求出其径向电磁力波,再利用二维傅里叶变换将径向电磁力波进行时空二维分解,转子不斜极电机的测试结果表明,0阶电磁力波引起的振型与电机结构的0阶模态耦合产生共振。最后,提出转子分段斜极以削弱齿谐波,降低0阶电磁力波的改进方案,电磁仿真和试验结果表明,改进方案电磁噪声明显下降。

Analysis and Optimization of Vehicle Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Electromagnetic Noise

In order to reduce the electromagnetic noise of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) caused by radial electromagnetic force wave acting on stator teeth due to rotor rotation, this research takes an automotive PMSM with rated power of 60 kW as the research object. The generating mechanism of radial electromagnetic force waves is analyzed, and Ansoft Maxwell is used to establish a two- dimensional electromagnetic simulation model, and obtain its radial electromagnetic force wave, then radial electromagnetic force wave is decomposed in two dimensions of space and time by two-dimensional Fourier transform. Test results of the rotor non-skew motor show that the vibration mode caused by the 0th order electromagnetic force wave and the 0th order mode of the motor structure are coupled to resonate. Finally, a method of skep-skew to weaken the harmonic of the tooth and reduce the electromagnetic force of the 0th order is proposed to optimize the electromagnetic noise. Electromagnetic simulation and experimental results show that the electromagnetic noise of the improved scheme is significantly reduced.