复杂地质条件TBM研制关键技术及应用

为解决高黎贡山隧道出口段软岩收敛卡机、破碎坍塌、岩爆片帮、高温热害、突泥涌水等不良地质TBM适应性差的问题，采用TBM适应性设计方法，提出并采用变截面抬升式开挖、水岩一体超前预报、隐藏式常态化超前钻探、前置式自动化湿喷、加强型大范围初期支护、通风系统强制制冷、刀盘刀具优化设计、物料快速运输等关键技术方案，联合研制出国产最大直径TBM（9.03 m）； 针对现场应用测试存在的部分问题，对TBM创新设计方案进行优化改进，使国产最大直径TBM在复杂地层前期应用中，取得月进尺400 m以上的掘进业绩。

Development and Application of Key Technologies for TBM Used in Complex Geological Conditions

When TBM boring in the unfavorable geology at the exit section of Gaoligongshan Tunnel, some incidents such as soft rock convergence induced TBM jamming, broken rock collapse, rockburst induced spalling, high temperature damage and mud and water gushing happen, which indicates bad TBM adaptability. Therefore, some key technical solutions, i.e. variable section and lift type excavation technology, water body and rock mass integration advance prediction technology, concealed and normalized advanced drilling technology, front mounted and automated concrete jet technology, enhanced and large scale primary support technology, forced cooling ventilation system, cutterhead and cutter optimization design technology, and rapid material transportation technology, are proposed and applied. And then, a domestic TBM with the maximum diameter of 9.03 m is jointly developed and tested in site. According to the problems encountered in site test, some TBM technical solutions are optimized and improved, and the application effect show that the drill footage per month reached more than 400 m in the early application stage.