隧道工程裂隙围岩结构稳定可靠性研究综述

在裂隙岩体隧道工程修建领域，大体量塌方、渐进式围岩失稳、巨石垮落等地质灾害时有发生，虽然近几年针对隧道工程的勘察手段、理论模型、数值方法及评价体系研究等很多，但围岩稳定可靠性作为隧道等地下工程修建的“老大难”问题仍未得到解决。数据不完备的复杂地质系统与理论严密的力学模型之间严重脱节,已然成为确定性分析方法的“瓶颈”； 单一的分析手段或确定性计算方法均无法获取准确的评价结果。不同于纯粹的结构工程，有着比较明确的数学模型，裂隙岩体隧道工程修建最为显著的特点就是岩体结构的不确定性问题。从岩体结构的不确定性这一根本属性出发，分别在裂隙岩体结构信息提取与解译、隧道围岩整体稳定性分析、局部块体稳定可靠性分析以及隧道工程智能反馈与系统评估4个方面进行概述，并对存在的问题及发展趋势进行针对性总结与探究。

Research on Stable Reliability of Fractured SurroundingRock Structure in Tunnel

During the construction process of fractured rock structure in tunnel, the geological disasters such as large volume of collapse, incremental instability of surrounding rock and huge rock fall occur constantly. Although the survey technologies, theoretical models, numerical methods and the evaluation system of tunnel engineering emerge in endlessly in recent years, the reliability calculation of surrounding rock stability for tunnel and underground engineering has not been solved exactly. The serious difference between complex geological system and mechanical model becomes "the bottleneck" of deterministic analysis methods. Besides, one single analysis method or deterministic calculation cannot obtain steady evaluation results either. Unlike pure structural engineering, which has a comparatively clear mathematical model, the most significant character for underground rock mass engineering construction is the uncertainty of surrounding rock structure. In this paper, the uncertainty, which can be seen as the fundamental attributes of rock mass structure, is taken into full account. The research status and existing problems are systematic summarized, especially for the image acquisition and multiple interpretation of fractured rock mass, stable reliability analysis of surrounding rock and local key blocks and intelligent feedback and system evaluation of tunnel engineering. Moreover, the corresponding countermeasures and development tendency are also explored and proposed.