深中通道海底隧道排烟系统总体方案

为解决超大断面海底沉管隧道火灾排烟及防灾救援难题，依托深中通道沉管隧道工程，在传统全侧壁排烟方式不能满足火灾排烟的情况下，提出利用顶部横向排烟联络道结合侧壁排烟孔的新型排烟体系，解决超长、超宽沉管隧道火灾排烟难题。与传统全侧壁排烟方式相比较，新型排烟系统可充分利用烟气流动特点，排烟效率明显升高，可用疏散时间得到较大幅度增加，进一步提升了超大断面海底沉管隧道防火安全性。针对水下枢纽互通结构形式及通风流场特点，提出水下枢纽互通区的排烟和疏散方案。入口合流匝道段采用纵向通风+吊顶排烟道方案，并在分岔及合流位置重点排烟或设置竖井排烟，可有效控制火灾烟气。在设置防灾设施的条件下，结合周边路网交通特点、救援力量分布情况等，建立深中通道沉管隧道防灾救援技术体系。

Overall Scheme of Smoke Exhaustion System of Submarine Tunnelof ShenzhenZhongshan Link

The smoke exhaustion and disaster prevention and rescue of submarine immersed tunnel with ultra large cross section is difficult to carry out. Therefore, a new smoke exhaustion system combining horizontal smoke exhaust connection channel on tunnel top with sidewall smoke exhaust hole is innovatively proposed for immersed tunnel of Shenzhen Zhongshan Link under the condition that the full sidewall smoke exhaustion mode cannot meet requirement, which help to solve the smoke exhaust difficulty of super long and large immersed tunnel. The new smoke exhaustion system is superior to the traditional full sidewall smoke extraction method in terms of use of the smoke flow characteristics, smoke exhaust efficiency, available evacuation time, and the fire safety of super large cross section submarine immersed tunnel. Furthermore, a smoke exhaust scheme for the interconnection area of the underwater hub is proposed based on the characteristics of the interconnection structure of the underwater hub and the characteristics of the ventilation flow field. By adopting the scheme of longitudinal ventilation combined with ceiling exhaust flue in the ramp section of the entrance confluence, and intensive smoke discharge at the bifurcation and confluence positions or the vertical shaft, the fire smoke can be effectively controlled. Under the condition of complete disaster prevention facilities, a technical system for disaster prevention and rescue of immersed tunnel of Shenzhen Zhongshan Link is established based on the traffic characteristics of the surrounding road network and the distribution of rescue powers.