驾驶舱眩光仿真分析与实车评价

良好的汽车驾驶舱视觉舒适性能够保障驾乘人员的行车安全，提高道路交通的稳定性，因此汽车驾驶舱的人机工程布置和内饰设计需要考虑减少驾驶舱眩光的产生。针对该问题，提出了一种基于CATIA/SPEOS的汽车驾驶室眩光评估方法。利用光线追踪法分析产生光反射部件之间的几何位置关系，在考虑材质属性、外界环境、真实光学效果和阳光照射方向的前提下，利用视觉仿真精确映射汽车驾驶舱的眩光位置。以某型SUV驾驶舱为例，通过光线跟踪分析发现，组合仪表不会有光线的直接照射产生眩光，中控大屏幕会有通过天窗和右边侧窗玻璃的光线直接照射产生眩光；通过视觉仿真分析发现，组合仪表由于光线折反射导致轻微眩光，中控大屏幕眩光面积较大；前挡风玻璃区域在中午和下午眩光较为严重，左边外后视镜区域在下午有空调镀铬装饰和风口造型的成像；中控大屏幕贴合AR防眩光膜优化后，分析结果表明，整块屏幕视觉效果趋于一致，视觉功效有显著提高。通过制定驾驶舱炫目主观评价流程并进行主观评价分析，得出驾驶舱眩光主观评价分析结果与仿真方法评估结果一致，表明该评估方法在新车研发和车型改款试制前期对驾驶室眩光分析和优化具有可行性。

Glare Analysis and Evaluation of a Cockpit Based on Visual Simulation

Good visual comfort of a car cockpit can guarantee the safety of the driver and passengers and improve the stability of road traffic. To solve this visual problem, an evaluation method for the glare inside an automobile cab based on CATIA/SPEOS is proposed in this paper. A ray-tracking method was used to analyze the geometric relationship of the light reflecting components, and a visual simulation was employed to accurately identify the glare position inside the cab by considering the material properties, external environment, actual optical effect, and sunlight directions. Using a ray-tracking analysis of an SUV cockpit, no glare was produced by direct light radiation on the instrument combination. However, there was glare due to direct light radiation from the skylight and right window glass on the console screen. Using a visual simulation analysis, light glare was produced on the combinatorial instrument by the refraction and reflection of light, while the glare area on the console screen was relatively large. Further, there was serious glare on the front windshield at noon and in the afternoon. Additionally, images of the chrome decoration and shape of the air-conditioner outlet were observed on the left outside rear-view mirror. After treating with pasting anti-reflection (AR) antiglare film, the visual effect of the whole screen tended to be uniform. A subjective evaluation process of the glare inside an automotive cockpit is proposed. The subjective evaluation results agree well with the simulation analysis results of the SUV, which demonstrates the potential of the glare analysis method in the process of automobile development.