基于NAIS数据库中视频信息的人—车碰撞事故特征分析

选取中国国家车辆事故深度调查体系(NAIS)数据库中51例包含视频的人—车碰撞事故,进行了特征分析,分析内容包括:人—车碰撞危险场景、碰撞前人—车相对位置、行人碰撞运动响应、人—车碰撞包络线分布、头部落点分布等。结果表明:提取的10种场景,基本覆盖了各种人—车碰撞事故工况;对行人的探测,视场角(FoV)比探测距离更重要;轿车易导致行人正向旋转,单厢车易导致行人负向旋转;人—车碰撞包络线(WAD)主要集中在车辆两侧;致命伤的头部落点主要集中在前风窗玻璃下半部分、左右侧中部以及A柱附近。因此,基于碰撞视频信息可提高人—车碰撞事故特征分析的准确性。

Analysis of pedestrian-vehicle collision accident characteristics based on the video information from NAIS database

Accident characteristics were analyzed for 51 cases of pedestrian-vehicle collision with video information selected from the National Automobile Accident In-Depth Investigation System(NAIS)database of China.The analysis contents included the pedestrian-vehicle collision critical scenarios,the pre-crash relative position of pedestrian-vehicle,the pedestrian collision dynamics response,the pedestrian-vehicle collision wrap around distance(WAD)distribution,the head impact point distribution and so on.The results show that 10 kinds of scenarios extracted basically covered the pedestrian-vehicle collision scenarios.The field of view(FoV)angle is more important for pedestrian protection than that for detection distance.The sedans are easy to cause positive rotation of pedestrians,while the single-compartment vehicles are easy to cause negative rotation of pedestrians.The WAD of pedestrian-vehicle collisions are mainly distributed on both sides of vehicles.The head impact points causing fatal injuries are mainly distributed in the lower half of front windshield,the middle part of the left and right sides,and the vicinity of pillar A.Therefore,using collision video information can improve the analysis accuracy of pedestrian-vehicle collision characteristics.