钢-复合材料组合防撞装置在不同船舶撞击下的性能分析

为了解船-桥碰撞过程中组合防撞装置的防护能力,以东洲湘江大桥为背景,设计一种新型钢-复合材料组合防撞装置(由钢-复合材料迎撞面、复合材料分隔板、内部耗能填充材料和复合材料背撞面组成),采用LS_DYNA软件建立船-防撞装置-桥梁三者有限元模型,分析带球艏船舶、驳船不同水位撞击下有无防撞装置的桥墩结构响应。结果表明:未设防撞装置时,2类船舶撞击下结构响应均较大,相较于带球艏船舶,驳船撞击力峰值较大(10号墩撞击力峰值为17.53 MN);与低水位、平均水位相比,高水位撞击下结构响应较大。设置防撞装置后,带球艏船舶撞击力峰值平均减小30%,驳船撞击力峰值降幅可达54.2%,其他结构响应也明显降低。该防撞装置降低了桥墩结构响应和船舶损伤,具有较好的防撞能力。

Performance of Anti-Collision Device Made from Steel and CompositeMaterial Under Different Types of Vessel Collisions

In order to examine the performance of the anti-collision device with combined use of materials during the vessel-bridge collision process,the Dongzhou Xiangjiang River Bridge is taken as the study background.A new type of anti-collision device,which consists of the front impact-facing wall made from steel and composite material,partition boards of composite material,internal filling material for energy dissipation and the back impact-facing wall of composite material,is designed.The software LS_DYNA was used to build the finite element model of the system of vessel,anti-collision device and bridge,to analyze the responses of bridge piers with and without anti-collision devices,under the impacts of ships with bulbous bows and barges at different water levels,The results show that the responses of piers under the collision of the two types of vessels are all significant,when not fitted with anti-collision devices,and compared with the ship with bulbous bow,the peak collision force of the barge is greater(the peak collision force of pier No.10 is 17.53 MN).The responses of piers under the collisions at high water levels are greater than those under the collisions at low and mean water levels.When the piers are fitted with anti-collision devices,the peak collision forces of the ships with bulbous bows are decreased by an average value of 30%,the decrease of the peak collision forces of barges reach up to 54.2%,and other structural responses are also distinctively mitigated.The anti-collision device can decrease the responses and damages of piers from vessel collision,and is proved having good anti-collision capacity.