公路山地灾害的自组织临界性及工程应用探讨

为了解公路山地灾害的共性,从整体上认识其规律性信息,根据自组织临界性理论,用两种沙堆模型作为公路山地灾害的概化模型,通过试验研究了其动力学行为,结果均呈现自组织临界性。并进一步结合滑坡、崩塌和泥石流山地灾害实例的相关观测信息进行了分析,皆表明了幂律和自组织临界性是许多公路山地灾害的共性。最后,在幂律分布特征下,说明了公路山地灾害暴发规模的极值分布的极限收敛于Ⅰ型渐进分布,并以云南蒋家沟泥石流为例,介绍了自组织临界性理论在公路山地灾害防治工程中的应用。

Self-organized Criticality of Highway Mountain Hazards and Its Application in Protection Engineering

In order to find out the common properties of the highway mountain hazards and the integral regularity,based on the self-organized criticality theory,two kinds of sandpile models were designed as the generalized models of the mountain hazards.Dynamics behavior of the two sandpile systems were studied by experiment,the results show that two models have characteristics of self-organized criticality.Furthermore,through the analysis of observation information of landslide,landfall and debris flow,power law and self-organized criticality have proved to be generality of many highway mountain hazards.It shows that the limit of the size extreme value distribution of the slope disasters under the power-law distribution is convergent to the Gumbel distribution.Taking Jiangjiagou debris flow as an example,self-organized criticality theory was applied in the hazards prevention and control engineering.