桥梁使用寿命与设计使用年限差异的原因分析和对策

为促进我国桥梁更好地发展,分析和研究我国桥梁未能达到设计使用年限的原因和对策。从桥梁的规范、设计、建设到维护等因素出发,分析我国桥梁使用寿命未能达到设计使用年限的原因有:桥梁设计规范判定设计使用年限的时间差异性、我国现行桥梁设计的不合理性、桥梁建设中人为和非人为因素对桥梁使用寿命的影响以及后期桥梁自身的作用等。针对在桥梁规范、设计、建设、维护中的不足,提出制定动态的桥梁设计规范、注重桥梁正常使用状态设计、科学地对桥梁进行建设和维护等对策。

Causes Leading to and Countermeasures for the Event of Bridge Failing to Fulfill Its Designed Service Life

In order to promote bridge development in China,the causes leading to bridge failing to fulfill designed service life and the related countermeasures are analyzed and studied.With the investigation into the influential elements of bridge code,design,construction and maintenance,the causes accounting for bridge failing to fulfill its designed service life can be summarized as follows: time differences lying in the judgment of designed service life in bridge design specifications,irrationality in the current bridge design practice in China,the human and non-human impacts on bridge service life and the function of bridge in later stage.In light of the defects of bridge codes,design,construction and maintenance,the countermeasures of working out a dynamic bridge design code,emphasizing design of bridge with normal service condition and advocating scientific bridge construction and maintenance are introduced.