公共电动自行车系统运营模式设计模型

当前对传统公共自行车系统运营模式的研究主要是定性分析,各种方法标准不一,且研究结论与实际差别较大,不能直接用于资金、设施等要求更高的公共电动自行车系统的运营模式设计问题.因此,提出了一种定量设计模型,利用0-1混合整数规划模型对系统的经营主体进行筛选,再利用动态规划模型分配资源.利用算例进行模拟分析,结果表明:①与以资金多和收益好为优的常规的定性分析法相比,定量模型能更合理配置系统构成要素,降低政府的财政负担,分别为政府节省18.68%和23.09%的资金.②在公共电动自行车系统建设和运营过程中,宜采用政企合作模式.③相对于系统运营而言,系统建设期间对政府投入的资金反应更灵敏,因此政府有必要加大建设期的资金投入. 

A Model for Designing Operation Plan of Shared Electric Bicycle Systems

Current studies on operation plan of shared bicycle systems mainly focus on qualitative analyses that are varied in terms of criteria and corresponding conclusions are often inconsistent with observed consequences.Thus they cannot be applied to design operation plan of publicly shared electric bicycle systems which have a much higher require-ment of funds and facilities than shared bicycle systems.In order to overcome these problems,a quantitative model is pro-posed in this paper.First,a 0-1 mixed integer-programming model is constructed to select suppliers of public electric bi-cycle systems.Second,a dynamic programming model is developed to allocate resources.A numerical example based on simulation reveals that:①compared with qualitative analyses regarding capital and income as priorities,a quantitative model can relieve financial burden for the government by decreasing its capital requirement by 18.68% and 23.09%,re-spectively.②It is highly recommended by integrating both the government and enterprises during construction and opera-tion period of publicly shared electric bicycle systems.③The start-up stage of the systems is more sensitive to the funds provided by the government than in operation stage,thus it is necessary to increase the investment from the government during the start-up stage.