生物柴油发动机非常规排放物及测试方法

综述了生物柴油发动机非常规排放物的研究进展,对发动机燃用生物柴油和矿物柴油非常规排放物进行了分析。重点介绍了醛类、酮类、单环芳香烃(MAHs)、多环芳香烃(PAHs)、金属粒子和DDE 6类非常规排放物的主要属性及其测试方法。结果表明,在相同工况下,发动机燃烧生物柴油的醛类、多环芳香烃(PAHs)、单环芳香烃(MAHs)的排放量低于燃烧柴油,但部分金属粒子和DDE的排放量要高于燃烧柴油。非常规排放物,特别是多环芳香烃(PAHs)、金属粒子和DDE有毒、致癌。这些非常规排放物可以通过色谱仪—质谱仪联用、气相色谱仪—火焰离子探测器联用及高效液相色谱仪—紫外线检测器系统联用等方法来测定。

Unregulated Emissions of Biodiesel-engine and Their Testing Methods

The progress in unregulated emissions of engine fuelled by biodiesel was reviewed and the effects on emissions of both biodiesel and fossil diesel have been compared.Especially,the main properties and testing methods of aldehyde,ketone,mono-aromatic hydrocarbons,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,metals and DDE had been expounded in detail.The results showed that aldehyde,mono-aromatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons emissions of biodiesel were lower than those of diesel,but partial metals and DDE emissions were higher at the same conditions.Unregulated emissions of engine fuelled by biodiesel were harmful and especially the mono-aromatic hydrocarbons,polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,metals and DDE were carcinogenic.These substances can be measured by gas chromatograph/Mass Spectrometry,gas chromatograph / flame ionization detector,high performance liquid chromatography/ultraviolet detector and so on.