基于数字化技术的轴类零件圆度误差测量方法研究

轴类零件的圆度误差会影响零部件的使用寿命。针对以往测量法存在的不足,提出了一种基于数字化技术的轴类零件圆度误差测量方法。该方法采用数字化非接触式激光测量方式对轴类零件的轴端面、轴径面进行测量采集三维数据点;对轴端面数据点进行稳健平面拟合获取轴端面所在平面的平面特征值;将轴径面上数据点投影到轴端面所在平面上获取投影点;采用投影点和轴端面所在平面的平面方程求解几何圆方程,求取几何圆参数;根据投影点与几何圆参数从而求取轴类零件的圆度误差值。通过实验验证表明,该算法在对轴类零件的圆度测量方面具有较好的实用性且精度满足要求。

Research on Measuring Method for Roundness-error of Shaft Parts Based on Digital Technology

The roundness error of the shaft parts will affect the service life of the parts. Aiming at the shortcomings of the previous methods, a method for measuring the roundness error of shaft parts based on digital technology is proposed. The method adopts digital non-contact laser measurement method to measure and collect three-dimensional data points on the axial end face and the axial diameter surface of the shaft component, and perform a robust plane fitting on the data points of the axial end face to obtain the plane feature value of the plane where the axial end face is located. Projecting the data points on the shaft diameter surface to the plane of the end face of the shaft to obtain the projection points. The geometric circle equation is solved by the plane equation of the plane where the projection points and the end face are located, and the geometric circle parameter is obtained. The roundness error value of the shaft component is obtained according to the projection point and the geometric circle parameter. The experimental results show that the algorithm has good practicability in the measurement of the roundness of the shaft parts and the accuracy meets the requirements.