水下爆炸气泡脉动载荷影响因素分析

水下爆炸中的气泡脉动载荷是造成舰船总体毁伤的主要原因，气泡载荷的准确预报对舰船抗冲击设计研究具有重要意义。基于势流理论，建立考虑气泡迁移效应、自由表面效应的水下爆炸气泡脉动模型。通过不同药量和气泡沉深的算例，对迁移效应和自由表面效应这两种影响因素进行比较分析，详细讨论两种因素对气泡脉动的影响。最后，将气泡脉动载荷的数值计算结果与经验公式进行对比和验证，结果吻合良好。算例表明，考虑迁移效应、自由表面效应的气泡脉动模型可以对中场水下爆炸气泡脉动载荷提供较准确的预报。

Analysis of the Impact Parameters of the Bubble Pulsation Load in Underwater Explosion

The bubble pulsation load of underwater explosion is the main reason for the overall damage of warships. Thus, an accurate prediction of the bubble load is crucial to the design and research on the ship＇s shock resistance. In this paper, the impact parameters of the bubble pulsation load is analyzed based on the potential flow theory, where an underwater bubble pulsation model that incorporates bubble migra- tion and free surface effects is established. Specifically, the motion characteristics of the bubble are investi- gated through numerical simulations under different conditions, and the exact effects of migration and free surface on the bubble pulsation are discussed. The results agree well with those obtained from empirical for- mulas, which indicates that the proposed model is both effective and practical in predicting the bubble pul- sation load in underwater explosion.