船舶复合材料螺旋桨模型试验的特殊性分析

目的]船舶复合材料螺旋桨比传统金属合金螺旋桨刚度低,在流固耦合作用下桨叶变形会对水动力和噪声性能带来显著影响,在开展复合材料螺旋桨模型试验时需予以特殊考虑。方法]采用量纲分析方法,建立复合材料螺旋桨水动力与噪声性能的特殊相似关系及其换算方法。根据复合材料螺旋桨模型加工实物及其作用特点,分析可满足模型试验要求的特殊测试技术。结果]结果表明,复合材料螺旋桨模型试验在满足金属合金螺旋桨模型试验的相似关系外,仍需满足桨叶水动力变形的相似关系。结论]不同于传统金属合金螺旋桨,复合材料螺旋桨模型试验需获取螺旋桨的静态型值、力学性能和桨叶动态变形等信息,以此选择合理的螺旋桨试验模型缩比尺度及其材料;同时,试验中除要求保持模型与实尺度螺旋桨的无量纲进速系数相同外,还需满足刚度特性及叶梢马赫数的组合相似度。

Analysis on the particularity of model test for composite marine propellers

Objectives]Compared to traditional metal rigid propellers,the rigidity of composite marine propellers is lower,and the deformation of the blade under fluid-structure interaction has an obvious effect on hydrodynamic and noise performance.It is therefore particular to the composite propeller model test.Methods]Dimensional analysis is used to build a special similarity relation and conversion method for the hydrodynamic and noise performance of the composite propeller.To meet the requirements of the model test,the special test technology is analyzed according to the processing of the composite propeller model and its fluid-structure interaction characteristics.Results]The composite propeller model test,besides satisfying the similarity relation to the metal propeller model test,also essentially satisfies the similarity relation of the blade's hydrodynamic deformation.Conclusions]Unlike traditional metal propellers,the composite propeller offset,mechanical properties and dynamic deformation of the blade must be collected in the test,so as to select a reasonable model scale and propeller model material.Meanwhile,not only must the same dimensionless advance coefficient between the model and full-scale propeller be kept,but also the combined similarity of stiffness characteristics and Mach number of the blade tip must be met.