减小常规潜艇排水量的技术途径分析

潜艇排水量大小与其总体性能密切相关,随着潜艇技术的发展,存在潜艇排水量不断增加而导致其总体性能降低的问题。为提升潜艇的综合作战能力,需有效控制排水量。德国212A型和俄罗斯"拉达"级等世界先进常规潜艇的排水量及其变化趋势分析结果表明,当今具代表性的世界先进常规潜艇的正常排水量约为1 500～1 700 t;通过对组成常规潜艇排水量的载荷进行分解分类,分析了各类载荷占常规潜艇排水量的比例(载荷系数),得出常规潜艇排水量的载荷权重(结构重量约占40%,动力装置约占20%～30%)。通过对影响潜艇排水量的主要因素的分析,提出以总体优化设计技术为手段,以动力装置和船体结构为重点的排水量控制途径。

Methods of Decreasing the Displacement of Conventional Submarines

The displacement of a conventional submarine is closely related to its overall performance. With the continuous development of modern submarine technologies, the problem of balancing the two is coming into view. To better control the displacement, the state of arts and development tendency of foreign conven- tional submarines are analyzed. The result shows that the normal displacement for most advanced conven- tional submarines nowadays is between 1 500-1 700 t. A detailed contribution to the displacement is also examined and different portions of loads are compared （hull structure 40%, power system 20%-30%）. In brief, the power system and hull structure are the key parts that affect the submarine displacement, and an effective design technique is proposed accordingly to optimize the displacement control