大温差变风量送风技术在潜艇空调中的应用

针对潜艇存在的空调系统能耗高、舱室温、湿度控制难等问题,综合分析了空调系统中的大温差低温送风以及变风量空调的特点与应用技术现状,结合潜艇舱室空调的热负荷特征,提出了将大温差低温送风、变风量控制和温、湿度独立控制相结合的系统技术方案,克服了传统活塞式半封闭压缩机效率低、大温差低温送风系统送风下坠、射流冷风感等技术问题。通过与目前的常规定量空调系统进行对比分析发现,该方案可降低系统能耗30%,增强了空调降温除湿的调节和控制能力,并且通过减少空调送风量和送水量,使空调风机噪声降低了5 dB,减小了设备及管系的尺寸和重量,有利于潜艇舱室噪声以及空间布置和排水量的控制。

Large Temperature Difference Cold Air Distribution and VAV Air Conditioning Systems in Submarine

In order to reduce the energy cost of submarine air-conditioning systems and to solve its inadequacy in cabin temperature and humidity control, the state of arts with large temperature difference and cold air distribution air-conditioning systems, as well as variable air volume systems is first introduced in this paper. Next, based on the characteristics of heat flux in submarine＇ s cabins, an innovative technical solution involving the techniques described above is proposed. The technique significantly increases the efficiency of conventional semi-hermetic piston compressors, solves the problem of downward wind delivering in many large temperature differential cold air distribution systems, and eases the discomfort feeling of cold jet air. Also, comparison with the conventional quantitative air flow system indicates that the tech- nique proposed here could reduce the energy cost by 30%, and improve the overall adjusting and control- ling capacity in cooling and dehumidification. Finally, as the required amount of wind-delivering and cool- ing water being reduced, the fan noise drops by 5 dB, and the size and weight of equipment and pipes decrease as well. These refinements greatly benefit the noise control in submarine cabins, spatial arrangements, and submarine＇ s displacement.