航海区域划分及名称探讨

航海区域的科学界定及明晰的名称是海事管理重要的基础性工作。航海区域主要包括海船适航限定航区和海船船员适任限定航区,其区域划分及名称的法定概念目前在我国尚不明确,在相关法规、条例中表达和使用缺乏一致性,容易使人产生混淆,使用上造成不便和错误。通过对适航与适任航区在名称、划分的区域等方面的分析比较,指出了两者之间在无限、远洋、远海、近洋、近海、沿海、近岸、遮蔽等航区概念方面存在的问题,分析了产生问题的原因,提出了相应的改进措施和针对性的修改原则。对于促进建立我国法定的航海区域概念具有十分重要的意义。

Discussion on Navigational Zone Demarcation and Denomination

The scientific demarcation and explicit nominations of navigational zones are the important basic work of maritime administration.Navigational zones mainly include navigational zones for classified ships and applicable navigational zones for qualified seamen.Because the demarcation and denomination of the above zones are not legally defined at present in China,their usage is not consistent in relevant laws and regulations and causes some misunderstandings,inconveniences and even big mistakes.On the basis of comparison and analysis of the demarcation and nomination of the two different navigational zones,the problems of navigational zone concepts such as open sea and infinitude,offing and offshore,inshore and coast,defilade and along shore etc.are pointed out in the paper.The causes creating the problems are analyzed and the measures to cope with them are presented,which have important significance for establishing the statutory notion of navigational zones in China.