基于液压阻尼减振器的轴系纵振控制研究

在船舶主推进轴系中安装液压阻尼减振器可减小轴系的纵向振动。首先对安装被动式液压阻尼减振器的船舶主推进轴系进行数学模型简化,推导推力轴承基座处的力传递率公式与加速度插入损失公式,并分析液压阻尼减振器的结构参数对减振效果的影响。轴系台架试验表明,插入损失计算结果与测试结果吻合较好。然后,采用单神经元自适应PID控制器,将原有的被动式液压阻尼减振器变为主动式液压阻尼减振器,分析在周期载荷和随机载荷激励下力传递率随时间的变化。计算结果表明,合理选择液压阻尼减振器的参数能有效地实现纵向减振,且单神经元自适应PID主动控制单元能进一步抑制力传递率的峰值。

Research on Axial Vibration Control of Ship Shafting Based on Hydraulic Damping Shock Absorber

Installing a hydraulic damping shock absorber in ship shafting can reduce its axial vibration.Mathematical model of ship shafting,on which hydraulic damping shock absorber is installed,is simplified.Formulas of force transmission rate and acceleration insertion loss at the thrust block are deduced.Influence of shock absorber’s parameters on vibration suppression is analyzed.Experiment shows that the calculated value of acceleration insertion loss is close to the test value.Then,a single neural adaptive PID controller is added into the system,which transforms original passive hydraulic damping shock absorber into active one.Variation of the force transmission rate with time under both cyclic load and random load are computed respectively.The result indicates that properly choosing the parameters of hydraulic damper can reduce axial vibration of ship shafting effectively,and the single neural adaptive PID controller can further weaken the peak value of the force transmission rate at the thrust block.