未来智能船舶推进系统的选型

本文首先对现有船舶机舱的安全现状进行了研究，对已发生的远洋船舶400多个机损案例的故障部件、故障类型、事故原因进行了统计分析，发现主机系统是事故发生率最高的部位，特别是活塞、缸套、气阀、喷油器这些燃烧室周围的部件。在发生事故的原因中，人因失误仍然是主要因素，占全部案例的83.1%。在此基础上，对目前六种典型的船舶推进装置的可靠性进行了分析，从推进装置的系统冗余数、部件数量、部件材料及运行条件等方面，对不同推进装置的可靠性进行了对比，发现目前在远洋船舶中运用最广的单机单桨直接传动装置可靠性最低，而多机多桨间接传动装置、调距桨推进和电力推进装置是适合未来智能船舶可靠的推进型式，特别是电力推进装置将是未来智能船舶的最佳选择。

Discussions on the Future Propulsion Plant System of Intelligent Ship

This paper firstly analysis the present safety situation in marine engine room based on over 400 mechanical accidents in terms of failure component, failure type and failure reason. Amongst all the accidents, main engine system occupies the highest failure occurrence, especially on piston group, connecting rode, cylinder liner, cylinder cover and fuel injector. Human error is the main reason to 83.1 % of all the accidents, which indicates the possibility of using intelligent technology to overcome the weak-point of human being in physiological and psychological respects. The reliability of six typical marine propulsion plant systems are analyzed in terms of system redundancy, component number, working condition and running speed. It is discussed that the multi-propeller, multi-engine indirect drive propulsion plant, controllable pitch propeller and electrical propulsion plant are the most possible propulsion plant for the future intelligent ships, amongst which the electrical propulsion plant will be the best choice.